Understanding cervical cancer: Risks, prevention & treatment

Cervical cancer – A growing concern

Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women in India. According to research, one woman dies of cervical cancer every eight minutes. This alarming statistic highlights the urgent need for awareness, early detection, and prevention.

What is cervical cancer?

Cervical cancer begins in the cells of the cervix—the lower, narrow part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. It usually develops gradually, starting with dysplasia—the growth of abnormal cells in the cervical tissue. These abnormal cells can turn cancerous and spread to nearby tissues.

The primary cause of most cervical cancers is a persistent infection with high-risk strains of the human papillomavirus (HPV). However, other factors can also contribute to its development.

Risk factors for cervical cancer

Several factors increase the risk of cervical cancer, including:
HPV infection: Infection with high-risk HPV strains (especially HPV-16 and HPV-18) significantly increases the risk.

Lack of routine screening: Women who skip regular pap tests or HPV screenings are more likely to have undiagnosed cervical issues.

Smoking: Tobacco use doubles the risk of cervical cancer by weakening the immune system.

Weakened immunity: Women with HIV/AIDS or other immune disorders are more vulnerable to HPV infections.

Early sexual activity: Engaging in sexual activity at a younger age increases the risk of HPV infection.

Signs & symptoms of cervical cancer

Early-stage cervical cancer may not present noticeable symptoms, making regular screening essential. As the disease progresses, symptoms may include:

Unusual vaginal bleeding (between periods, after intercourse, or post-menopause)

• Pain or bleeding after intercourse
• Foul-smelling vaginal discharge
• Changes in menstrual cycles
• Preventing cervical cancer

The good news is that cervical cancer is preventable with the precautions and lifestyle choices:

• HPV vaccination: Vaccines like cervarix and gardasil protect against common high-risk HPV strains. Young adults should get vaccinated before becoming sexually active.
• Regular screenings: Routine pap and HPV tests help detect precancerous changes early, enabling timely intervention.
• Safe sexual practices: Reducing the number of sexual partners and using condoms consistently lowers the risk of HPV infection.
• Quit smoking: Quitting tobacco reduces the risk of cervical cancer and improves overall health.
• Healthy lifestyle: Maintaining a balanced diet, regular exercise, and stress management boosts immunity and lowers cancer risk.

Treatment options for cervical cancer

At Kusum Dhirajlal Hospital, we offer advanced, personalised treatment plans for cervical cancer, including:

• Surgery: Procedures such as hysterectomy, cone biopsy, and lymphadenectomy to remove cancerous tissues.
• Radiation therapy: High-energy radiation targets and destroys cancer cells.
• Chemotherapy: Drugs are used to kill or slow the growth of cancer cells.
• Targeted therapy: In specific cases, treatments target unique abnormalities within cancer cells.

Compassionate care at Kusum Dhirajlal Hospital

We understand that cervical cancer not only affects a woman’s physical health but also takes an emotional and mental toll. That’s why at Kusum Dhirajlal Hospital, we provide:

• Expert gynecologic oncologists and specialised nurses offering compassionate, world-class care.
• Comprehensive support to address the emotional, social, and physical challenges of gynecologic health issues.
• State-of-the-art facilities with advanced diagnostic and treatment technology.

By embracing preventive care, regular screenings, and seeking timely medical attention, women can take charge of their cervical health.

At Kusum Dhirajlal Hospital, we are committed to empowering women with quality care and supporting them.