Endometriosis: Causes, symptoms, and treatment options

Introduction

Endometriosis is a chronic condition that causes significant pain and impacts millions of women worldwide. It occurs when tissue similar to the endometrium—the lining of the uterus—grows outside the uterus, often on the ovaries, fallopian tubes, outer layer of the uterus, or other pelvic organs. If left unmanaged, this condition can lead to various complications and severely affect a woman’s quality of life. At KD Blossom, the leading gynaecological hospital in Ahmedabad, we provide expert care and personalised guidance to help women manage endometriosis effectively and maintain their overall well-being. Your health is our priority.

Causes of endometriosis

The exact cause of endometriosis is not well understood, but several theories exist:

Retrograde menstruation

It is a widely recognised and accepted theory. Menstrual blood moves in the opposite direction, travelling up the fallopian tubes and into the pelvic cavity instead of exiting the body. These endometrial cells in the blood find a chance to attach themselves to pelvic organs and start growing.

Embryonic cell transformation

Estrogens, for example, might turn embryonic cells into endometrial-like cell grafts during puberty.

Surgical scars

If a woman has undergone some operations such as a hysterectomy or C-section, there are chances that endometrial cells will grow on the site of the cut.

Immune system disorders

Immune-related challenges can disrupt the body’s ability to effectively regulate the immune response required to eliminate endometrial-like tissue growing outside the uterus. This dysfunction may contribute to the persistence and progression of endometriosis, highlighting the complex interplay between the immune system and this condition. At KD Blossom, we specialise in addressing such intricate health concerns, offering advanced care and support to help women manage endometriosis and improve their quality of life. Your well-being is our mission.

Genetics

Heredity has been observed to be one of the contributing factors towards the occurrence of endometriosis.

Symptoms of Endometriosis

The severity of symptoms varies, but common signs include:

Pelvic pain

It is the most striking and typical sign and perhaps the only sign in many patients. Pain can be cyclic, related to menstruation, but can also be chronic.

Menstrual irregularities

It could be heavy periods or an episode known as menorrhagia, or even bleeding between periods known as menometrorrhagia.

Pain during intercourse

Dyspareunia is typical in women experiencing endometriosis, and this can occur during or after intercourse.

Pain with bowel movements or urination

These symptoms are predisposed, especially during menstrual periods.

Infertility

It is often women experiencing childlessness who first present themselves to the doctors with endometriosis.

Other Symptoms

These can include fatigue, loose stools, hard stools, gas buildup, and nausea, particularly during a woman’s menstruation period.

At KD Blossom Women and Child Care Hospital, the best women’s hospital in Ahmedabad with the best gynaecologists, we offer comprehensive evaluation, treatment options, and guidance for protection as well.

Diagnosis of endometriosis

Diagnosis of endometriosis is not easy because its symptoms are similar to those of PID or IBS. The diagnostic process usually involves:

Pelvic exam

A doctor might palpate for large cysts or scars behind the uterus.

Ultrasound

This technique utilises sound waves to create detailed images of the body’s internal structures. An ultrasound whether transabdominal or transvaginal, can detect cysts often associated with endometriosis. However, while it helps identify abnormalities, it is not definitive for diagnosing the condition. At KD Blossom, we use advanced imaging technologies alongside comprehensive evaluations to provide accurate insights and personalised care for women’s health. Your journey to better health starts here.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

This can produce sectional views of the organs and tissues.

Laparoscopy

This surgery enables the doctor to have an insight into what is inside the abdomen. A diagnosis of endometriosis is made when endometrial-like tissue is discovered during laparoscopy or at the time of operation.

Treatment options for endometriosis

Endometriosis cannot be cured, but many treatment options can help lessen the symptoms. Treatment options include:

Pain medication

Medications that reduce inflammation, like ibuprofen, can be good in managing pain associated with conditions such as endometriosis. These drugs help alleviate discomfort by targeting inflammation, providing relief for many women. At KD Blossom, we offer tailored treatment plans, including pain management strategies, to support your health and well-being. Your comfort is our priority.

Hormone Therapy

These treatments lessen or stop menstruation, decreasing the proliferation and sloughing-off of the endometrial lining. Options include:

  • Hormonal contraceptives: Contraceptive pills, patches, and a contraceptive vaginal ring.
  • Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (Gn-RH) agonists and antagonists: These drugs help decrease the level of estrogen.
  • Progestin Therapy: Available through the use of intrauterine devices, injections, as well as pills.
  • Aromatase inhibitors: Avoid increasing estrogen levels in the body.
Surgical options

Surgery is usually the last resort, only when the situation is very problematic or when other treatments have not been effective.

Laparoscopic surgery

This surgery is performed to remove as much endometriosis as possible.

Hysterectomy

A surgical procedure that involves the complete or partial removal of the uterus, sometimes including the ovaries.

Fertility treatment

Individuals facing infertility due to endometriosis may be recommended to pursue IVF(In Vitro Fertilisation).

Our expert gynaecologists possess in-depth knowledge of the condition and are committed to keeping the patient and their family fully informed at every stage of the process.

Conclusion

Endometriosis is a complex, multi-dimensional condition that necessitates coordinated care throughout treatment. Understanding its causes, symptoms, and available treatment options is essential for improving patient health and quality of life. Early diagnosis and a tailored treatment plan are crucial, as the condition is chronic and can significantly impact long-term well-being. Knowledge of the disease's symptoms and effective treatments can help

At KD Blossom, the best women's hospital with the best gynecologists in Ahmedabad in Ahmedabad, we offer comprehensive care and guidance to our patients so that they can take good care of themselves and deal with endometriosis in a much better manner using advanced technologies.